The diffs are d30 front (all models) and the d35 or c8.25 (rare) rear, there are two main variants of the front d30, the low pinion (weaker) as found in Tj's, Zg's an late Xj's ('00 & '01) and the (stronger) high pinion as found in most Xj's ('94-'99), the d30 is commonly availalable in 3 ratios, 3.07:1 (Tj manual), 3.55:1 (Xj petrol) and 3.73:1 (Tj auto, Xj diesel and some Xj petrol and Zg).
The rears are mostly d35 3.55:1 (Xj petrol) and some 3.73:1 (Xj diesel, some Xj petrol and Zg), they are mostly LSD and a handful were open ('95 LTD Classic).
Here's an easy way to identify what it is...
As for strength and tyres it all depends on the right foot offroad (and tyre size), with a locked d35 you're more prone to issues if you're not careful with the loud pedal as the locker will make it go further and when that fails to get you somewhere the natural reaction is to go harder where a LSD will have some give and be a bit kinder on the axles....